Sugarcane Industry manufacturing Process, sources of waste, Treatment of waste
These Below are the Manufacturing process, Sources and treatment methods for waste in Sugarcane Industry.
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| Sugarcane Industry waste treatments |
⇒ In some countries like Cuba, Jamaica and India the sugar is mainly produced with the help of Sugarcanes, while in some other countries beetroots are used as a raw material for the sugar production.
⇒ A large volume of waste of organic nature is produced during the production period and normally they all are discharged on the land or into the nearby water, practically without pretreatment.
Manufacturing Process
⇒ The sugar canes are cut into pieces and crushed in a series of rollers to extract the juice in the sugar mill house.
⇒ The milk of lime is then added to the juice and then heated, when all the colloidal and suspended impurities are coagulated, much of the color is also removed during the lime extractor.
⇒ The coagulated juice is then taken to the clarified to remove the sludge.
⇒ The clarifier sludge will further filtered through the filter presses and then it is disposed off as solid waste.
⇒ Then the filtrate is recycled to the process and the entire quantity of clarified juice is treated by passing Sulphur dioxide gas through the process known as sulphitation process, then the color of the juice is completely bleached out due to this process.
⇒ Then the clarified juice is then preheated and concentrated in evaporators and vacuum pans.
⇒ The partially crystallized group from the vacuum pan, known as massecuite is then transferred to the crystalizes where complete crystallization of sugar occurs.
⇒ The massecuite is then centrifuged to separate the sugar crystal from the mother liquor . Then the spent liquor is dissolved as black strap mollases.
Sources of the Waste in Sugar Industry
⇒ The Waste from the mill chamber which contains the waste water used as splashing to bring out the maximum amount of the juice and those which are used to cool the roller bearings.
⇒ As such as the mill chamber waste contains high amount of BOD due to the presence of the sugar and oil from the machineries.
⇒ The filters cloths, used for filtering the juice, need occasional cleaning, and the waste water thus produced though small in volume but contains high amount of BOD and suspended solids.
⇒ A large volume of water is required un the condenser of the multiple effect evaporators and vacuum pans.
⇒ The coding water gets polluted as it picks up some organic substances from the vapor of boiling syrup in evaporator and vacuum pan.
⇒ The additional waste which is originated due to the leakages and overflow of the juice, syrup and ,molasses in different sections, and also due to the handling of molasses.
Treatment of the Waste in Sugar Industry
⇒ Here Anaerobic treatment of the effluent using both the digester and lagoons have been found to be more effective and economical.
⇒ A BOD reduction of about 70 percent achieved with an anaerobic digester where BOD loading was 0.65 kg/m^3/day with a detention time of 2.4 days at a temperature of 37'c.
⇒ The BOD reduction was found to be 60 percent in an anaerobic lagoons where a BOD loading of 0.23 kg/m^3/day and detention time of 7 days.
⇒ Where sufficient land is available a two stage biological treatment with anaerobic lagoons followed by anaerobic waste stabilization ponds, is recommend for Indian conditions.
⇒ And the mill effluent however is to be penetrated primary in bar screens and grease trap.
It is expected that BOD reduction in the anaerobic process will be in the order of 60 percent while overall BOD reduction may be in the order of 90 percent
Conclusion:
⇒ These above are Manufacturing process, Sources and treatment for waste in Sugarcane Industry.
